China: A recent study found that pregnant women with twins who had vitamin D levels of 30 ng/mL or higher during the second trimester had a significantly lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).The survey results were published online nutrition journal April 10, 2024.
Gestational diabetes is a common complication of pregnancy, with serious short- and long-term effects on both the mother and her child. Previous studies have shown the potential benefits of vitamin D in reducing GDM risk, but less is known about this association in twin pregnancies. To fill this knowledge gap, Li Wen and colleagues at the Chongqing Women’s and Children’s Health Center in Chongqing, China, investigated maternal vitamin D status during the second trimester and found an association with GDM risk in twin pregnancies. The purpose was to
To this end, they conducted a prospective cohort study based on Chongqing Longitudinal Twin Study (LoTiS) data. Peripheral blood serum was collected from mothers during the second trimester to measure 25(OH)D concentrations. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed using a 75 g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test between 23 and 26 weeks of gestation. We also examined the correlation between vitamin D status and GD risk.
This study revealed the following:
· Of all participants, 29.9% of women were diagnosed with GDM.
-The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration during the second trimester was 31.1 ± 11.2 ng/mL, the vitamin D deficiency rate was 23.5%, and the deficiency rate was 18.7%.
· Compared with women with 25(OH)D concentrations < 30 ng/mL, women with 25(OH)D concentrations ≥ 30 ng/mL had a significantly lower risk of GDM (RR 0.61), especially those with previous The weight of women was noticeable. Pregnancy (RR 0.32).
· Restricted cubic spline model showed an inverted J-shaped relationship between vitamin D concentration and GDM risk.
In conclusion, the risk of GDM was significantly reduced in pregnant women with twins with second-trimester vitamin D levels <30 ng/mL compared with women with second-trimester vitamin D levels ≥30 ng/mL. . Researchers found a non-linear association between vitamin D levels and GDM incidence, and considered a cutoff value of 30 ng/mL for vitamin D levels to significantly reduce the risk of GDM in twin pregnancies. It is being
“Further multicenter studies are needed to provide further evidence to elucidate the relationship between vitamin D and GDM in twin pregnancies,” the researchers concluded.
One limitation was the study’s single-center design, which limited the generalizability of the results. Another limitation was the lack of accurate data regarding vitamin D supplementation during the third trimester.
reference:
Li, Dy., Wang, L., Li, L. Maternal vitamin D status and risk of gestational diabetes in twin pregnancies: A twin pregnancy longitudinal birth cohort study. Nutr J 23, 41 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-00944-2
