Approximately 12% of the U.S. population has diabetes, and many are looking for ways to manage their blood sugar levels. Natural alternatives like herbal supplements may be one strategy people consider.
However, while certain foods and spices may be beneficial for diabetes, it is important to approach herbal supplements with caution. A common misconception is that “natural” means it’s good for you, but supplements can pose safety risks, especially when used to treat diabetes.
Why is this so? “Herbal supplements can interact with diabetes medications to cause hypoglycemia, which can lead to dizziness, fatigue, and even loss of consciousness,” says Whitney Stuart, MS, RDN, a certified diabetes care and education specialist and founder of Whitness Nutrition. For your health and safety, it’s important to know about the herbal supplements that experts say people with diabetes shouldn’t take. Learn about the four herbal supplements on this list.
Herbal supplements not recommended for diabetes
1. St. John’s Wort
Having diabetes increases the risk of developing depression two to three times. So some people may turn to St. John’s Wort, an herb commonly used to treat depression and other mood disorders. But St. John’s Wort can interfere with certain diabetes medications, reducing their effectiveness and worsening blood sugar control. In addition, St. John’s Wort can cause fluctuations in blood sugar levels, making it harder to effectively manage diabetes. One small study showed that taking this herbal supplement impaired glucose tolerance (a measure of how well the body processes glucose). People with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk of developing depression, so it’s important to speak to your doctor about any mood concerns you may have so they can advise you on appropriate treatment.
2. Ginseng
Ginseng is one of the most popular herbs in the United States. But it’s not good for diabetes: “One herbal supplement that can be dangerous for people with diabetes to take is ginseng, because it lowers blood sugar levels and can interact with diabetes medications,” says Masha Davis, MPH, R.D., Ph.D., RD. Take your vitaminsSome studies suggest that ginseng may lower blood sugar levels, which may increase your risk of hypoglycemia, especially if you control your blood sugar with medication.
3. Aloe Vera
Aloe vera is well known for its skin-soothing effects, but it can cause significant side effects when ingested, especially for people with diabetes. Some studies have shown that taking aloe vera orally can lower blood sugar levels and can cause hypoglycemia when combined with diabetes medications. Additionally, aloe vera supplements are not standardized, so supplement content and dosage can vary widely, which can have unpredictable effects on blood sugar control. If you have diabetes, consult your healthcare provider first before taking aloe vera.
4. Berberine
Berberine is a natural compound that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, particularly Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. While popular, “berberine can lower blood sugar levels and cause hypoglycemia, so diabetics taking medications like insulin or metformin should avoid it,” says Stuart.
This supplement may interact with a variety of medications, posing additional risks if you are taking multiple medications for diabetes or other health problems. As with any supplement, the quality and concentration of over-the-counter berberine products is highly variable. For these reasons, if you have diabetes, consult with your doctor before trying berberine.
Alternative Approaches to Managing Diabetes
For those focused on managing their diabetes, here are some ways to do so safely and effectively.
- Changing your dietEating a balanced diet rich in whole grains, lean protein, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables can help you manage your blood sugar levels. These diabetic meal plans are a great place to start.
- Stay activeRegular exercise such as walking, swimming and yoga can improve insulin sensitivity and contribute to healthy weight management.
- Relieves stressTechniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, and mindfulness may reduce stress, which is known to affect blood sugar levels.
- Monitor blood glucose levelsRegularly checking your blood sugar levels can help you make informed decisions about diet, exercise, and medication.
- Find education and support groupsBy participating in diabetes education programs and support groups, you can get valuable information and support from others who are battling diabetes alongside you.
- Take your medicine properlyTaking prescribed medications as prescribed and discussing any side effects or concerns with your healthcare provider can help you effectively manage your diabetes.
Conclusion
Herbal supplements are often called “natural,” but that doesn’t mean they’re necessarily safe. If you have diabetes, you should be cautious with herbal supplements. Certain herbs can interfere with blood sugar levels and diabetes medications, leading to serious health complications. Because supplement companies have a responsibility to provide safe, accurately labeled products, it’s up to you to take some precautions to stay safe. “When choosing a supplement, talk to your doctor, who can tell you about drug interactions and recommend products that have been third-party tested,” says Davis.
